Damn Them Speculators!
Congress, McCain, and Obama seem to think that the rise of oil is the result of speculation. When oil first started taking off, I had an open mind regarding the topic because I know nothing about how oil is traded and what speculation looks like. I now have my opinion, and my opinion is that the same geniuses that couldn’t spot a historic housing bubble as being speculative are the same geniuses that can’t tell supply and demand related price increases. In other words, our leaders are horrible incompetent, or evil. I prefer to think they are just monkeys as it makes me smile.
Before I knew nothing about the oil market, and now I know next to nothing. So, take what’s coming with a grain of salt. Normally when you speculate, you buy and hold a widget expecting the price of the widget to increase in the future, at which point you may sell it. The key point is that you have to buy and hold the widget which increases demand for the widget. If you get enough speculators in the market, then this can provide the appearance of demand in excess of what is really there. This is what happend in the housing bubble markets when people purchased who normally would have rented, and people who purchased multiple investment properties.
Is this what’s happening to oil? Well, apparently there are two markets for oil, the spot market and the futures market. In the futures market, contracts are written in which the holder agrees to buy oil at a certain price at a particular time in the future. People speculate by buying and selling these contracts. The spot market is where oil is traded in the present. If you need oil today, you go to the spot market. If you know you need oil next month, you go to the futures market.
Traders can make or loose money by betting on the future price of the oil through these futures contracts. Traders can’t take delivery of the actual oil because they have no place to store it, so they must sell any contracts before the expiration date, to someone who actually needs the oil. So, how do you make money? Well, if you have a contract for 60 dollar oil come December, and when December comes around the price of oil on the spot market is 80 dollars, then your contract is worth more money than what you paid. If, on the other hand, the price of oil is only 40 dollars, then your contract is cost you more than someone is willing to pay for it and you just lost money.
So, in the oil market, speculators don’t actually hold the physical widget. But, what about people that buy the actual oil? Could they be hoarding it and speculating themselves? Apparently oil inventory is tracked, and people who know where to find this information are saying that there is no oil inventory buildup that would indicate that this is happening. Oil that is purchased seems to be used.
In order for speculators to be driving up the price of oil, there must either be phantom entity hoarding lots of oil and hiding the fact, or some phantom relationship between the futures market and the spot market. I’m not putting money on either of those possiblities. I don’t think speculators are driving the price of oil.
I search long and hard on the internet for someone who could explain the oil markets in layman terms, and explain them in a way where the bullshit meter didn’t go off in my head. I found Paul Krugman.
Here are some of his thoughts on oil speculation:
Speculative nonsense once again Various notes on speculation Confusions about speculation